Why VECTO Classification is becoming more important when buying and selling trucks
When comparing trucks, purchase price is only part of the equation. Fuel consumption, emissions performance and operating costs play an increasingly important role in purchasing decisions. This is where VECTO classification comes in. For buyers and sellers of used trucks, understanding VECTO can provide valuable insight into a vehicle's long-term value.
What is VECTO?
VECTO stands for Vehicle Energy Consumption Calculation Tool. It was developed by the European Union to measure the fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of heavy-duty vehicles. Based on these results, trucks are assigned to a VECTO class. Class 1 represents the least efficient vehicles, while Class 5 includes zero-emission vehicles such as electric trucks.
On July 1, 2026, the VECTO classification thresholds will be updated. As a result, some trucks that currently qualify for Class 3 may move into a less favourable category. This could lead to higher toll costs in the future. For companies planning to purchase or replace vehicles, the timing of an investment may therefore become more important.
Why does VECTO matter?
Operating costs remain one of the biggest concerns for transport companies. A truck with better fuel efficiency can reduce fuel expenses over time. For many buyers, this makes overall ownership costs just as important as the initial investment. As environmental regulations continue to develop across Europe, emissions performance also becomes a more important factor during the buying process. For this reason, many buyers increasingly pay attention to VECTO classifications when evaluating vehicles.
Looking beyond the purchase price
Two trucks may appear similar at first glance. However, differences in fuel efficiency and emissions performance can affect long-term operating costs. When comparing vehicles, consider:
Fuel consumption
Expected operating costs
Residual value
Emissions performance
VECTO classification
The annual difference between VECTO classes can be substantial. Based on 100,000 kilometres per year, the estimated toll costs in the Netherlands are:
Class 1: approximately €20,100 per year
Class 2: approximately €18,300 per year
Class 3: approximately €16,500 per year
Class 5: approximately €3,800 per year
These figures show that purchase price alone tells only part of the story.
Tips for buyers & sellers
Buyers: Before purchasing a truck, ask for information about its VECTO classification. This helps create a more complete picture of the vehicle's efficiency and long-term costs. It can also make comparisons between multiple vehicles easier.
Sellers: More buyers are looking beyond basic vehicle specifications. Including VECTO information in an advertisement can help buyers evaluate a vehicle more effectively. It also provides additional transparency during the sales process.